~ Le Viêt Nam, aujourd'hui. ~
The Vietnam News

[Year 1997]
[Year 1998]
[Year 1999]
[Year 2000]
[Year 2001]

Vietnam's new leadership likely to move cautiously after upheaval

HANOI - The ouster of conservative ideologue Le Kha Phieu from Vietnam's top job has removed a key brake on the communist regime's economic reforms, but his successor Nong Duc Manh is unlikely to rush into any changes, analysts said Monday. The ruling communist party has always put an enormous accent on continuity and consensus and the new leader is likely to batten down the hatches after the bitter behind-the-scenes feuding which led to his appointment, they said.

In his acceptance speech on Sunday, the 60-year-old Manh was careful to say nothing that might offend either side of Vietnam's longstanding divide between conservative ideologues and economic reformers, diplomats noted. His tirade against corruption and other abuses within the party's ranks, whose eradication he said would be his number one task, would have sat quite happily in the mouth of his ousted predecessor. "It was vintage Phieu," one diplomat told AFP.

The ousted conservative made the war on graft a constant refrain although his critics say he paid little more than lip service to the problem, with a string of widely publicised crackdowns which were perceived as having targetted minor officials while leaving the big fish untouched. By contrast the new party chief made scant mention of Vietnam's 15-year-old market reforms, which slowed down sharply with his predecessor's appointment in the midst of the Asian financial crisis of 1997. He made no reference to the government's International Monetary Fund and World Bank-backed plans to step up the pace of reforms through the liberalization of trade and the rationalization of the state-owned industrial and banking sectors.

But diplomats noted that the new party chief had never been a champion of economic reform -- his career was built precisely on offending neither side of Vietnam's political divide. "We really shouldn't expect too many changes in Vietnamese policy," one Western diplomat said. "Mr Manh is a lifelong apparatchik whose ideological orthodoxy has never been questioned." The leading reformer within the regime, Prime Minister Phan Van Khai himself sounded a note of caution Saturday, insisting that the government would continue to tread carefully with its market reforms for fear of exposing the state-controlled economy to destabilising shocks. "You may know that in some countries when they had a crisis in the economy, it caused political instability. Vietnam is trying to avoid that," he said.

The eminence grise of Vietnam's reformers, former prime minister Vo Van Kiet, echoed his protege's comments. "The adjustments we have made must be step-by-step," he said. The caution of the new leadership will be all the greater in the face of persistent rural unrest which was a leading factor in the ouster of Phieu. A wave of protests among the mainly Christian ethnic minorities of the central highlands sparked an army crackdown in early February that constituted the worst violence in years. The unrest has been all the more shocking for a ruling party which has always justified its tight control as providing a haven of stability in an increasingly unstable neighbourhood. "The scale of the unrest has really shaken them. They've bitten the bullet over the party leader, but you really shouldn't expect too many other changes," another diplomat said.

A Western banker cautioned that it was easy to exaggerate the importance of individual personalities in a country which had long taken its decisions collectively. "It's Vietnam's great strength and also its greatest weakness," the banker told AFP. "One the one hand you know that once they have reached a decision, they will deliver on it regardless of any changes in personnel. "On the other hand it can take an ice age to get there because they are always going to move at the pace of the lowest common denominator."

Agence France Presse - April 23, 2001.


Calls for unity dominate Vietnam media after change in leadership

HANOI - Vietnam's state-run media called for unity around new leader Nong Duc Manh Monday after the bitter factional feuding which has rocked the political elite for months. Not a hint was given of the widespread criticism of Manh's predecessor, Le Kha Phieu, which led to him becoming the first party supremo in the ruling communist party's 71-year history to be ousted from office without serving a full five-year term. The Vietnamese-language papers united in focussing on the continuity in membership of the party's collective decision-making bodies, rather than the change in personnel at the very top. All newspapers carried biographies of the new leader but none gave any explanation for why he had been appointed at the close of the party's five-yearly congress the previous day.

"Under the flag of national independence and socialism, all the party, all the people and all the army are urged to show solidarity with the (new) central committee," the party's mouthpiece daily Nhan Dan (the People) urged in a front-page editorial. "The country's essential driving force is national unity." Alongside the editorial, the party daily published the full lists of the party's new 150-member central committee and 15-member politburo, emphasising the collective over the individual in the future direction of the party and the country. Even the mouthpiece daily of Vietnam's armed forces, whose top leaders all backed Phieu in his battle to stay in power, hurried to join the chorus of calls for unity around his successor.

"The Vietnamese armed forces, along with the entire leadership and people ... wish to see democracy prevail and accept the strict discipline of uniting solidly around the new central committee in implementing the decisions of the ninth party congress," Quan Doi Nhan Dan (People's Army) said. None of the Vietnamese-language newspapers gave any hint of the hopes for change under the new leadership widely held out by the diplomatic and business communities here. It was left to the English-language press to focus on the change at the top and the hopes for accelerated reform that have accompanied it. "New spring in the step of party leadership," thundered the headline in the weekly Vietnam Investment Review. "Fresh air was wafting through the country's leadership yesterday after the Communist Party of Vietnam selected Nong Duc Manh as its new general secretary and committed to refreshed strategic economic packages," its story said. The ouster of the conservative ideologue Phieu and his replacement by a more consensus figure has created widespread hopes here that the communist regime will speed up its market reforms again after the caution of the past four years.

But in his first policy pronouncements Sunday Manh sounded a political line barely different from that of his ousted predecessor as he sort to rally both sides of Vietnam's ideological divide around his leadership. He said the battle against corruption was his top priority, a constant refrain of Phieu's. And he made hardly any mention at all of the communist regime's 15 year-old market reforms.

Agence France Presse - April 23, 2001.