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The Vietnam News

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Vietnam annoints new leader after ouster of hardline party chief

HANOI - Vietnam's ruling communist party finally annointed its new leader Nong Duc Manh Sunday after a murky selection process to replace conservative army man Le Kha Phieu who was ousted in a fierce power struggle which has riven the political elite. Manh's elevation was not due to be formally announced until the closing ceremony of the party's five-yearly congress later Sunday. But challenged by journalists on the sidelines Sunday morning, congress spokesman Huu Tho implicitly confirmed his appointment.

"I am happy about (the replacement of Phieu by Manh)," he said. The 60-year-old former parliament chief, who is Vietnam's first ever top leader from the country's 54 ethnic minorities, was due to give a first press conference immediately after the formal announcement. An ethnic Tay from Vietnam's northern minorities, he can expect to be challenged about longstanding rumours here that he is an illegitmate son of venerated wartime leader Ho Chi Minh. "Who knows if the rumours are true, but they have certainly done his career no harm," one Western diplomat told AFP. Manh's ousted predecessor was also expected to be given an opportunity to say his farewells following his ouster after little more than three years in power.

Phieu, whose performance has been widely criticised as lacklustre, is the first secretary general in the party's 71-year history not to serve out a full five-year term. His departure has certainly raised few tears in Washington -- the lifelong army commissar was always the leading champion within the leadership for anti-US hardliners here. When then president Bill Clinton made a landmark visit here in November -- the first by a US head of state -- Phieu marred the atmosphere of reconcilation and rapprochement between the former foes which had been carefully nurtured by US officials.

In an uncomfortable meeting with the US president, the party chief declined to put the Vietnam War behind him, instead launching a vigorous defence of the conflict as a "great socialist victory." The ouster of the conservative ideologue is expected to give a fresh impetus to communist Vietnam's 15-year-old market reforms. Even though Manh himself is not a reformer but someone with links to both of Vietnam's rival ideological camps, the wounding of Phieu's proteges in the security apparatus has boosted the influence of economic reformers. But the leading reformer within the regime, Prime Minister Phan Van Khai sounded a note of caution Saturday, insisting that the government would remain very cautious about exposing the state-controlled economy to external shocks.

"You may know that in some countries when they had a crisis in the economy, it caused political instability. Vietnam is trying to avoid that," he said. Vietnam has been rocked by severe unrest in the countryside as rampant abuses and corruption have eroded the party's prestige among its traditional bedrock support, the peasantry. A wave of protests among the mainly Christian ethnic minorities of the central highlands which sparked an army crackdown in early February constitutes Vietnam's worst violence in years. The party is expected to use the closing ceremony of the congress to put on a show of unity after the unseemly details of the bitter factional feuding which accompanied Phieu's ouster were widely leaked.

Former prime minister Vo Van Kiet confirmed Saturday that a warning was issued to all members of the party's elite politburo after what party sources say was widespread abuse of the military intelligence services by both Phieu and his opponents. The battle to find a consensus replacement for the party chief went on for months -- Manh was only finally selected at a behind-the-scenes meeting of the party's central committee-designate on Tuesday. Vietnamese officials repeatedly insisted that the formal decision would only be taken in a further vote on the sidelines of the congress Saturday. But in the event no less than three different officials told AFP that no such vote had taken place.

The congress spokesman insisted there had been some "acts of election" on Saturday which had "completed the lengthy selection process." But challenged to say when or where they had taken place, he declined to answer, saying it was an "internal matter for the party." His comments flew in the face of his repeated undertakings before the congress that the selection process would be one of "democracy and transparency."

By Steve Kirby - Agence France Presse - April 22, 2001.


Communist Vietnam rubberstamps new leader in murky process

HANOI - Vietnam's ruling communist party was finally set to vote in its new leader Nong Duc Manh Saturday in a rubberstamp election which it shrouded in mystery even though he was the sole candidate and the outcome was never in doubt. The 60-year-old parliament speaker had already received the unanimous endorsement of the party's new 150-member central committee at a closed-door meeting Tuesday ahead of the committee's formal election by the party's five-yearly congress.

But in the run-up to Saturday's vote in the congress hall, officials had gone to extraordinary lengths to preserve the fiction of suspense, repeatedly insisting that nothing had yet been decided. It was only earlier Saturday that a senior official publicly confirmed for the first time that Manh would indeed be Vietnam's new party supremo after the brutal battle to oust 69-year-old conservative Le Kha Phieu. Playing down the ferocity of the feuding which has rocked Vietnam's political elite in recent months, former prime minister Vo Van Kiet insisted it was "normal" that Phieu should "make way for Nong Duc Manh."

It was only on Thursday that officials even confirmed the ouster of Phieu after little more than three years in office for a leadership widely dubbed the worst in the party's 71-year history. But after days of insisting that Saturday's vote was the real one, officials announced that journalists would not be admitted to the congress hall to witness it. They also closed down the press centre which had provided closed circuit coverage throughout the congress. Hours after the vote was expected to take place, there was still no word from officials.

And the official Vietnam News Agency declined to specify whether voting pictures they provided to foreign news orgnaizations were of the elections for secretary-general or for the central committee, or even to give a date for the photographs. Party sources said that the leadership had decided there would after all only be one candidate in the poll -- Manh himself. The other two candidates for the post, President Tran Duc Luong and organizing committee chairman Nguyen Van An, had both withdrawn since the earlier behind-the-scenes poll, in which Manh received less than 60 percent of the vote against nearly 35 percent for An and less than 10 percent for Luong.

The party has been caught between two conflicting images it has sought to put across throughout the months-long search for a replacement for Phieu. On the one hand it has sought to portray the selection process as an exercise in democracy, with delegates voting by secret ballot at the congress. On the other hand it has felt constrained to create as much of an image of unanimity around the new leader as possible after the unseemly details of the bitter pre-congress feuding became widely known. Both Phieu and some of his opponents at the highest level of the party resorted to widespread abuse of the military intelligence services during their months-long power struggle, party sources say. Former prime minister Vo Van Kiet, who remains one of the kingmakers of the regime, told reporters that a formal warning had been issued to the party's elite politburo about the abuse of intelligence files.

"There was a general reminder to the politburo that they should not use this instrument for personal purposes after some allegations made by people and the public," said Kiet, who is one of three powerful advisers to the party who are to step down after the current congress. Kiet did not deny the accusations against the party supremo whom he criticised for an extremely mixed leadership record.

"I think that the rule of the party secretary general has been reflected in the political record of achievements and shortcomings. That's the fairest judgement that I can make," he said. And he made clear his own very strong disapproval of any abuse of the intelligence services. "It is unacceptable for anyone, and I mean anyone at all, to use this instrument for personal purposes. It's something that should be roundly criticised because it is forbidden."

Agence France Presse - April 21, 2001.